How to Download and Install Oracle Database 19c on Linux
Oracle Database 19c is the latest long-term release of the Oracle Database family of products, offering the highest level of stability, performance, and security. It also introduces many new features and enhancements that make it easier and faster to develop and manage database applications. If you are looking for a reliable and powerful database solution for your Linux environment, Oracle Database 19c is a great choice.
In this article, you will learn how to download and install Oracle Database 19c on Linux x86-64, step by step. You will also learn about the benefits of Oracle Database 19c, the system requirements, and the documentation resources. By the end of this article, you will be able to run Oracle Database 19c on your Linux machine and start using it for your data needs.
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Benefits of Oracle Database 19c
Oracle Database 19c offers many benefits for database administrators, developers, and users. Some of the key benefits are:
Long-term support: Oracle Database 19c is supported until 2026, with extended support until 2029. This means that you can enjoy regular updates, bug fixes, and security patches for a long time.
New features and enhancements: Oracle Database 19c introduces many new features and enhancements that improve the database functionality, performance, availability, security, and usability. Some of the new features include automatic indexing, SQL quarantine, schema-only accounts, real-time statistics, active data guard DML redirection, flashback standby database, hybrid partitioned tables, JSON support, and more.
Compatibility and migration: Oracle Database 19c is compatible with previous releases of Oracle Database, such as 12c and 18c. You can easily upgrade or migrate your existing databases to Oracle Database 19c using various tools and methods.
Cloud readiness: Oracle Database 19c is designed to run on both on-premises and cloud platforms. You can take advantage of the cloud services and features offered by Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, such as Autonomous Database, Exadata Cloud Service, Data Guard Cloud Service, Backup Cloud Service, and more.
Oracle Database 19c System Requirements
Before you download and install Oracle Database 19c on Linux x86-64, you need to make sure that your system meets the minimum hardware and software requirements. The following table summarizes the requirements:
RequirementValue
Operating systemOracle Linux 7.x or laterRed Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x or laterSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 or later
ProcessorAMD64 or Intel EM64T
Physical RAM2 GB minimum
Swap (virtual memory)At least the same size as the physical memory (2 GB minimum)
Available disk space12 GB (OS excluded)
Video adapter256 colors
Display (screen resolution)1024 x 768 minimum
Unzip utilityUnzip 6.0 or later
You can find more details about the system requirements in the Oracle Database 19c Documentation
Before you proceed with the download and installation of Oracle Database 19c, it is highly recommended that you read the official documentation provided by Oracle. The documentation contains detailed information and instructions on how to install, configure, administer, and use Oracle Database 19c. It also covers topics such as security, backup and recovery, performance tuning, troubleshooting, and more.
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Oracle Database 19c Linux on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Compute Engine
Oracle Database 19c Linux on IBM Cloud Virtual Servers
Oracle Database 19c Linux on Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service (ECS)
Oracle Database 19c Linux on VMware Cloud on AWS
Oracle Database 19c Linux on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
Oracle Database 19c Linux on CentOS
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Oracle Database 19c Linux on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES)
Oracle Database 19c Linux on Fedora
Oracle Database 19c Linux on openSUSE Leap
Oracle Database 19c Linux on Arch Linux
You can access the Oracle Database 19c documentation from the following link:
This guide will help you to install Oracle Database 19c on Linux x86-64 platforms. It covers the following topics:
Overview of Oracle Database installation
Oracle Database installation types
Oracle Database installation methods
Oracle Database installation tasks
Oracle Database postinstallation tasks
Oracle Database deinstallation
Oracle Database troubleshooting
You can also access other related guides from the same link, such as:
Downloading Oracle Database 19c for Linux x86-64
Once you have verified that your system meets the requirements and read the documentation, you are ready to download Oracle Database 19c for Linux x86-64. There are two main options to download the software: from the Oracle website or from a local repository.
Choosing the Right Download Option
The download option that you choose depends on your preference and availability. The following table compares the two options:
OptionAdvantagesDisadvantages
Oracle website- You can download the latest version of Oracle Database 19c- You can download the software from any location with internet access- You can verify the integrity of the downloaded files using checksums- You need an Oracle account to access the download page- You may experience slow or interrupted downloads due to network issues- You need to download multiple files (zip archives) and extract them manually
Local repository- You can download the software from a local network or storage device- You can avoid network issues and save bandwidth- You only need to download one file (ISO image) and mount it as a DVD device- You need to create or obtain a local repository with the Oracle Database 19c software- You may not have the latest version of Oracle Database 19c available- You need to have enough disk space to store the ISO image
In this article, we will use the first option (Oracle website) as an example. However, you can also use the second option (local repository) if you prefer.
Downloading from Oracle Website
To download Oracle Database 19c for Linux x86-64 from the Oracle website, follow these steps:
Go to the .
Select "Oracle Database 19c" from the drop-down list.
Select "Linux x86-64" from the platform list.
Click "See All" to expand the list of available downloads.
You will see two options: "Enterprise Edition" and "Standard Edition 2". Choose the one that suits your needs. For this article, we will use "Enterprise Edition" as an example.
You will see three files: "LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip", "LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.z01", and "LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.z02". These are zip archives that contain the Oracle Database 19c software. You need to download all three files.
If you do not have an Oracle account, click "Create Account" and follow the instructions to register. If you already have an Oracle account, click "Sign In" and enter your credentials.
Accept the license agreement and click "Download" for each file.
Save the files in a directory of your choice. For this article, we will use "/home/oracle/Downloads" as an example.
Verifying the Downloaded FilesVerifying the Downloaded Files
After you have downloaded the Oracle Database 19c software files, you should verify that they are complete and intact. You can do this by comparing the checksums of the files with the ones provided by Oracle. A checksum is a unique value that is calculated from the contents of a file. If the checksums match, it means that the files are not corrupted or tampered with.
To verify the downloaded files, follow these steps:
Go to the again.
Click "See All" to expand the list of available downloads.
Click "View Digest" for each file. You will see a pop-up window with the checksum value in hexadecimal format.
Copy the checksum value and save it in a text file. For this article, we will use "/home/oracle/Downloads/checksums.txt" as an example.
Repeat steps 3 and 4 for all three files.
Open a terminal window and navigate to the directory where you saved the downloaded files. For this article, we will use "/home/oracle/Downloads" as an example.
Type "unzip -v LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip" and press Enter. You will see the output of the unzip command, including the checksum value in hexadecimal format for each file in the archive.
Compare the checksum value of the zip archive with the one that you saved in step 4. They should match exactly. If they do not match, it means that the zip archive is corrupted or incomplete. You need to download it again.
Repeat steps 7 and 8 for the other two zip archives ("LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.z01" and "LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.z02").
Installing Oracle Database 19c on Linux x86-64
Once you have verified that the downloaded files are valid, you can proceed with the installation of Oracle Database 19c on Linux x86-64. The installation process consists of three main steps: preparing for the installation, running the installer, and configuring the database.
Preparing for the Installation
Before you run the installer, you need to prepare your system for the installation. This includes creating a user and groups for Oracle Database, setting up environment variables, creating directories, setting permissions, installing prerequisites packages, and disabling firewall and SELinux.
To prepare your system for the installation, follow these steps:
Create a user and groups for Oracle Database. You need to create a user named "oracle" and three groups named "oinstall", "dba", and "oper". The user "oracle" will own all the Oracle software files and directories, and will be used to run the installer and manage the database. The group "oinstall" will be the primary group of the user "oracle" and will own all the Oracle inventory files and directories. The group "dba" will grant administrative privileges to the user "oracle" for database operations. The group "oper" will grant operator privileges to the user "oracle" for basic database operations.
To create a user and groups for Oracle Database, open a terminal window as root and type the following commands:
# groupadd oinstall # groupadd dba # groupadd oper # useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle # passwd oracle
The last command will prompt you to enter a password for the user "oracle". Choose a strong password and remember it.
Set up environment variables for Oracle Database. You need to set up some environment variables for Oracle Database, such as ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME, ORACLE_SID, PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, etc. These variables will define where Oracle software and data files are located, what is the name of your database instance, how to access Oracle commands and libraries, etc.
To set up environment variables for Oracle Database, open a text editor as root and edit the file "/etc/profile". Add the following lines at the end of the file:
# Oracle environment variables export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 export ORACLE_SID=orcl export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
The above lines assume that you will install Oracle software in "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0 .0/dbhome_1" directory and that you will name your database instance "orcl". You can change these values according to your preference.
Save and close the file. Then, type "source /etc/profile" and press Enter to apply the changes.
Create directories for Oracle Database. You need to create some directories for Oracle Database, such as ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME, and ORADATA. These directories will store Oracle software and data files, such as binaries, configuration files, logs, backups, etc.
To create directories for Oracle Database, open a terminal window as root and type the following commands:
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata # chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 # chmod -R 775 /u01
The above commands assume that you will use the same values for ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME, and ORADATA as in step 3. You can change them according to your preference.
Install prerequisites packages for Oracle Database. You need to install some packages for Oracle Database, such as gcc, make, binutils, glibc, libaio, etc. These packages are required for compiling and running Oracle software and libraries.
To install prerequisites packages for Oracle Database, open a terminal window as root and type the following commands:
# yum install gcc make binutils glibc glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libnsl libnsl.i686 libnsl2 libnsl2.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 ksh compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686
The above command will install the packages for Oracle Linux 7.x or later. If you are using a different Linux distribution, such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux or SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, you may need to use a different command or package manager. You can find more details about the prerequisites packages in the section of the documentation.
Disable firewall and SELinux for Oracle Database. You need to disable firewall and SELinux for Oracle Database, as they may interfere with the installation and operation of Oracle software and services. Firewall is a software that controls the network traffic between your system and other systems. SELinux is a security feature that enforces access policies for your system.
To disable firewall and SELinux for Oracle Database, open a terminal window as root and type the following commands:
# systemctl stop firewalld # systemctl disable firewalld # setenforce 0 # sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=permissive/g' /etc/selinux/config
The above commands will stop and disable firewall service, set SELinux mode to permissive, and change SELinux configuration file to make the change persistent.
After completing these steps, you have prepared your system for the installation of Oracle Database 19c. You can now proceed to the next step: running the installer. Running the Installer
To run the installer, you need to extract the downloaded files, launch the installer, and follow the instructions on the screen. The installer will guide you through the installation process, such as selecting the installation type, specifying the installation location, creating an inventory directory, performing prerequisite checks, copying files, linking libraries, etc.
To run the installer, follow these steps:
Extract the downloaded files. You need to extract the zip archives that contain the Oracle Database 19c software. You can use the unzip utility or any other tool that can handle zip files.
To extract the downloaded files, open a terminal window and navigate to the directory where you saved the downloaded files. For this article, we will use "/home/oracle/Downloads" as an example.
Type "unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip" and press Enter. This will extract the first zip archive and create a subdirectory named "database" in the current directory.
Type "unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.z01" and press Enter. This will extract the second zip archive and append its contents to the subdirectory named "database".
Type "unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.z02" and press Enter. This will extract the third zip archive and append its contents to the subdirectory named "database".
After extracting all three zip archives, you should have a subdirectory named "database" with several files and subdirectories in it.
Launch the installer. You need to launch the installer as the user "oracle" and start the installation process.
To launch the installer, open a terminal window and navigate to the subdirectory named "database". For this article, we will use "/home/oracle/Downloads/database" as an example.
Type "./runInstaller" and press Enter. This will launch the installer and display a welcome screen.
Follow the instructions on the screen. The installer will ask you to perform some tasks and enter some information, such as:
Enter your email address and password for Oracle Support (optional).
Select "Create and configure a single instance database" as the installation type.
Select "Enterprise Edition" as the database edition.
Select "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1" as the Oracle home directory.
Select "orcl" as the database name.
Select "Use preconfigured passwords for database accounts" and enter a password for SYS, SYSTEM, PDBADMIN, and other database accounts.
Select "Enable automatic memory management" and enter a value for total memory allocation (2 GB minimum).
Select "Use existing listener" and select "LISTENER" from the list of listeners.
Select "Enable recovery" and enter "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fast_recovery_area" as the fast recovery area location.
Select "Create database with default configuration" as the database creation option.
The above choices are based on the default settings and assumptions for this article. You can change them according to your preference and requirements.
Review the summary of installation settings and click "Install". The installer will start copying files, linking libraries, creating inventory, etc.
Configuring the Database
After installing Oracle Database 19c software, you need to configure your database instance. This includes running some configuration scripts, creating a pluggable database (PDB), registering your database with Oracle Restart, etc.
To configure your database instance, follow these steps:
Run the configuration scripts. During the installation process, the installer will prompt you to run two configuration scripts as root: "orainstRoot.sh" and "root.sh". These scripts will set up some environment variables, create some symbolic links, start some services, etc.
To run the configuration scripts, open a terminal window as root and type the following commands:
# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh # /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
The above commands assume that you have used the default values for ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME as in step 3 of the previous section. You can change them according to your preference.
Return to the installer and click "OK". The installer will resume the installation process and create your database instance.
Create a pluggable database (PDB). A pluggable database (PDB) is a portable collection of schemas, objects, and non-schema objects that appears to an Oracle Net client as a non-CDB. A PDB is plugged into a multitenant container database (CDB), which is a database that includes zero, one, or many user-created PDBs. A CDB consolidates multiple PDBs into a single database instance, which simplifies administration, security, backup, and recovery.
To create a pluggable database (PDB), open a terminal window and connect to your database instance as SYSDBA using SQL*Plus. For this article, we will use "orcl" as the database name and "oracle" as the password. You can change them according to your preference.
Type "sqlplus / as sysdba" and press Enter. This will launch SQL*Plus and connect you to your database instance as SYSDBA.
Type "create pluggable database pdb1 admin user pdbadmin identified by oracle file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdb1/');" and press Enter. This will create a pluggable database named "pdb1" with an administrative user named "pdbadmin" and a password of "oracle". The file_name_convert parameter will specify the location of the data files for the PDB.
Type "alter pluggable database pdb1 open;" and press Enter. This will open the pluggable database for access.
Type "alter pluggable database pdb1 save state;" and press Enter. This will save the current state of the pluggable database, so that it will be automatically opened when the CDB is opened.
Register your database with Oracle Restart. Oracle Restart is a feature that enables Oracle components, such as database instances, listeners, services, etc., to be automatically restarted after a hardware or software failure or whenever the component is stopped manually. Oracle Restart improves the availability and reliability of your database system.
To register your database with Oracle Restart, open a terminal window and navigate to the ORACLE_HOME/bin directory. For this article, we will use "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/bin" as an example.
Type "./srvctl add db -d orcl -o /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1" and press Enter. This will register your database named "orcl" with Oracle Restart and specify its Oracle home directory.
Type "./srvctl add service -d orcl -s pdb1 -pdb pdb1" and press Enter. This will register a service named "pdb1" for your pluggable database named "pdb1" with Oracle Restart.
Type "./srvctl start db -d orcl" and press Enter. This will start your database using Oracle Restart.
Verifying the Installation
After installing and configuring Oracle Database 19c on Linux x86-64, you need to verify that your installation is successful and that your database is working properly. This includes checking the database status, connecting to the database, testing the database functionality, etc.
Checking the Database Status
To check the status of your database, you can use various tools and commands, such as SQL*Plus, srvctl, ps, etc. These tools and commands will show you whether your database is up and running, what are its components and processes, what are its parameters and settings, etc.
To check the status of your database, follow these steps:
Check the status of your database using SQL*Plus. SQL*Plus is a command-line tool that allows you to interact with Oracle Database using Plus. SQL*Plus is a command-line tool that allows you to interact with Oracle Database using SQL commands and scripts. SQL*Plus is installed by default with Oracle Database 19c and can be accessed from any terminal window.
To create a table in your PDB using SQL*Plus, open a terminal window and connect to your PDB as the user "pdbadmin" using SQL*Plus. For this article, we will use "pdb1" as the PDB name and "oracle" as the password. You can change them according to your preference.
Type "sqlplus pdbadmin/oracle@pdb1" and press Enter. This will launch SQL*Plus and connect you to your PDB named "pdb1" as the user "pdbadmin".
Type "create table employees (id number, name varchar2(50), salary number);" and press Enter. This will create a table named "employees" with three columns: "id", "name", and "salary".
Type "desc employees;" and press Enter. This will show you the description of the table, such as the column names, data types, and constraints.
You should see something like this:
Name Null? Type ----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------- ID NUMBER NAME VARCHAR2(50) SALARY NUMBER
This means that you have successfully created a table in your PDB.
Insert some data into your table using SQL*Plus. You can insert some data into your table using the insert command in SQL*Plus.
To insert some data into your table using SQL*Plus, type the following commands:
insert into employees values (1, 'Alice', 5000); insert into employees values (2, 'Bob', 6000); insert into employees values (3, 'Charlie', 7000); commit;
The above commands will insert three rows of data into your table and commit the changes.
Type "select * from employees;" and press Enter. This will show you all the data in your table.
You should see something like this:
ID NAME SALARY ---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------- 1 Alice 5000 2 Bob 6000 3 Charlie 7000
This means that you have successfully inserted some data into your table.
Query some data from your table using SQL*Plus. You can query some data from your table using the select command in SQL*Plus.
To query some data from your table using SQL*Plus, type the following command:
select name, salary from employees where salary > 5000;
The above command will show you the name and salary of the employees who have a salary greater than 5000.
You should see something like this:
NAME SALARY -------------------------------------------------- ---------- Bob 6000 Charlie 7000
This means that you have successfully queried some data from your table.
Conclusion
In this article, you have learned how to download and install Oracle Database 19c on Linux x86-64, step by step. You have also learned about the benefits of Oracle Database 19c, the system requirements, and the documentation resources. By following the instructions in this article, you have been able to run Oracle Database 19c on your Linux machine and start using it for your data needs.
Oracle Database 19c is a powerful and reliable database solution that offers many features and enhancements that make it easier and faster to develop and manage database applications. It also provides long-term support, compatibility, migration, and cloud readiness. If you are looking for a database solution for your Linux environment, Oracle Database 19c is a great choice.
If you want to learn more about Oracle Database 19c, you can visit the following links:
We hope that you have enjoyed this article and found it useful. If you have any questions or feedback, please feel free to leave a comment below. Thank you for reading!
Frequently Asked Questions
Here are some frequently asked questions about Oracle Database 19c on Linux x86-64:
Q: How A: How can I upgrade or migrate my existing Oracle Database to Oracle Database 19c?
A: You can upgrade or migrate your existing Oracle Database to Oracle Database 19c using various tools and methods, such as:
Oracle Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA): A graphical tool that automates the upgrade process and provides pre-upgrade and post-upgrade checks and recommendations.
Oracle Data Pump: A utility that allows you to export and import data and metadata between different Oracle Database versions and platforms.
Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN): A utility that allows you to perform backup and recovery operations on your Oracle Database, including cross-platform migration.
Oracle GoldenGate: A software that allows you to replicate data between different Oracle Database versions and platforms, with minimal downtime and impact on performance.
You can find more details about the upgrade and migration options in the .
Q: How can I access Oracle Database 19c from my applications and tools?
A: You can access Oracle Database 19c from your applications and tools using various drivers and interfaces, such as:
Oracle Call Interface (OCI): A low-level API that allows you to access Oracle Database using C or C++.
Oracle JDBC: A Java API that allows you to access Oracle Database using Java.
Oracle ODBC: A standard API that allows you to access Oracle Database using various languages and platforms.
Oracle SQL*Net: A network protocol that allows you to communicate with Oracle Database over TCP/IP or other network protocols.
Oracle REST Data Services (ORDS): A software that allows you to access Oracle Database using RESTful web services over HTTP or HTTPS.
You can find more details about the drivers and interfaces in the .
Q: How can I monitor and tune the performance of Oracle Database 19c?
A: You can monitor and tune the performance of Oracle Database 19c using various tools and methods, such as:
Oracle Enterprise Manager (EM): A web-based tool that allows you to manage, monitor, and tune your Oracle Database instances, as well as other Oracle components and applications.
Automatic Workload Repository (AWR): A feature that collects, processes, and stores performance statistics for your Oracle Database instances.
Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM): A feature that analyzes the performance data collected by AWR and provides recommendations for improving performance.
SQL Tuning Advisor: A feature that analyzes the performance of SQL statements and provides recommendations for improving their execution plans, statistics, indexes, etc.
SQL Performance Analyzer (SPA): A feature that allows you to compare the performance of SQL statements before and after a change in the database environment, such as an upgrade, a patch, a parameter change, etc.
You can find more details about the performance monitoring and tuning options in the .
Q: How can I secure my Oracle Database 19c?
A: You can secure your Oracle Database 19c using various features and options, such as:
Oracle Database Vault: A feature that allows you to control who, when, where, and how users can access data and resources in your Oracle Database instances.
Oracle Advanced Security: A feature that provides encryption and redaction capabilities for your data at rest and in transit.
Oracle Audit Vault and Database Firewall: A software that allows you to monitor, audit, and protect your database activity from unauthorized or malicious access.
Oracle Label Security: A feature that allows you to enforce row-level security policies based on user labels and data classifications.
Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting: A feature that allows you to mask or subset sensitive data in your production or non-production environments.
You can find more details about the security features and options in the .
Q: How can I backup and recover my Oracle Database 19c?
A: You can backup and recover your Oracle Database 19c using various tools and methods, such as:
Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN): A utility that allows you to perform backup and recovery operations on your Oracle Database instances, including full, incremental, differential, online, offline, compressed, encrypted backups, etc.Oracle Data Guard: A feature that allows you to create and maintain one or more standby databases that can be used for disaster recovery, high availability, or data protection.
Oracle Flashback Technology: A feature that allows you to restore your database to a previous point in time or undo changes made to your data, without using backups.
Oracle Cloud Backup Service: A service that allows you to backup your Oracle Database instances to the cloud, using RMAN or other tools.
You can find more details about the backup and recovery options in the . 44f88ac181
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